Sanin asali game da hasken waje

Wataƙila yawancin mutane suna tunanin cewa fitilar abu ne mai sauƙi, da alama ba ta da amfani a yi nazari da bincike sosai, akasin haka, ƙira da ƙera fitilun da fitilun da suka dace suna buƙatar cikakken ilimi game da kayan lantarki, kayan aiki, injina, da na'urorin gani. Fahimtar waɗannan tushe zai taimaka muku kimanta ingancin fitilun daidai.

1. Kwalba mai ƙonewa

Ba zai yiwu a ga wani abu kaɗan da daddare ba tare da fitilun incandescent ba. Ba abu ne mai sauƙi a yi fitilun incandescent masu haske da kuma adana kuzari ba. Idan kwan fitila yana da wani ƙarfi, ana iya cika shi da iskar gas mara aiki, wanda zai iya inganta haske da kuma tsawaita rayuwar kwan fitila. Na musamman shine sadaukarwar rayuwa don musanya haske mai ƙarfi na kwararan halogen masu ƙarfi. Daga mahangar amfani da waje, idan aka yi la'akari da amfani da fannoni da yawa, aminci da aiki na dogon lokaci, kwararan gas marasa aiki na yau da kullun sun fi dacewa, ba shakka, amfani da fitilun halogen masu haske masu ƙarfi suma suna da fa'idodi masu yawa. Bayonet na yau da kullun da soket na ƙafa ko mafitsara na musamman sun zama ruwan dare a cikin shahararrun hanyoyin haɗin kwan fitila. Daga mahangar duniya da sauƙin siye, fitilun da ke amfani da kwararan bayonet na yau da kullun suna da sauƙin samarwa, tare da maye gurbinsu da yawa, ƙarancin farashi da tsawon rai. Yawancin fitilu masu inganci kuma suna amfani da kwararan Halogen xenon tare da bayonet, ba shakka, farashin Halogen ya fi girma. Ba shi da sauƙin siye a China, kwararan fitila masu ƙarfi a manyan manyan kantuna suma suna da kyakkyawan madadin aiki. Domin a ƙara wa kwan fitilar haske tanadin kuzari, za a iya ƙoƙarin rage ƙarfin, haske da lokaci koyaushe yana da karo da juna, idan akwai wani ƙarfin lantarki, ƙimar wutar lantarki ta kwan fitilar ta fi tsayi, PETZL SAXO AQUA tana amfani da kwan fitilar krypton 6V 0.3A, don cimma tasirin kwan fitilar 6V 0.5A ta yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin ka'idar amfani da batura huɗu na AA ya kai awanni 9, wanda misali ne mai nasara na haske da daidaiton lokaci. Kwan fitilar megabor ta gida tana da ƙaramin wutar lantarki mai ƙima, wanda shine madadin mai kyau. Tabbas, wani abu ne daban idan kuna neman haske mai haske kawai. Surefire abu ne na yau da kullun, tare da murfin lumen 65 wanda ke ɗaukar kimanin awa ɗaya kawai akan batura biyu na lithium. Saboda haka, lokacin siyan fitilu, duba ƙimar daidaita kwan fitilar, ƙididdige kimanin ƙarfinsa, tare da diamita na kwano na fitilar, zaku iya kimanta kimanin haske, matsakaicin iyaka da lokacin amfani, ba za ku iya rikitar da tallan da ba a iya amfani da shi ba cikin sauƙi.

2. LED

Amfani da na'urar hasken diode mai haske mai haske sosai ya kawo juyin juya halin masana'antar hasken. Ƙarancin amfani da makamashi da tsawon rai su ne manyan fa'idodinsa. Amfani da batura busassu da yawa na yau da kullun ya isa ya kiyaye hasken LED mai haske sosai na tsawon sa'o'i da dama ko ma ɗaruruwan sa'o'i na haske. Duk da haka, babbar matsalar LED a halin yanzu ita ce yana da wuya a magance tarin hasken, tushen hasken da ke bambanta yana sa kusan ba zai iya haskaka ƙasa da nisan mita 10 da dare ba, kuma launin hasken sanyi yana sa shigarsa cikin ruwan sama, hazo da dusar ƙanƙara a waje ya ragu sosai. Saboda haka, yawanci ana haɗa fitilun da hanyoyi da dama ko ma da dama na LED don inganta gwargwadon iko, amma tasirin ba a bayyane yake ba. Duk da cewa akwai LEDs masu ƙarfi da haske mai ƙarfi, aikin bai kai ga maye gurbin kwararan fitila gaba ɗaya ba, kuma farashin yana da yawa sosai. Matsakaicin ƙarfin tuki na LED na yau da kullun yana tsakanin 3-3.7V, kuma ma'aunin haske na LED ana bayyana shi ta hanyar mcd, tare da maki da yawa kamar 5mm da 10mm a diamita. Girman diamita, girman ƙimar mcd, haka nan haske yake. Don la'akari da girma da amfani da makamashi, fitilun yau da kullun suna zaɓar matakin 5mm, kuma ƙimar mcd tana kusan 6000-10000. Duk da haka, saboda yawan masana'antun LED, ana yi wa bututun LED da yawa lakabin ƙarya, kuma ƙimar ba ta da tabbas. Gabaɗaya, ana gane aikin LED na kamfanonin Japan a cikin kayayyakin da aka shigo da su, kuma ita ce fitilolin da aka fi zaɓa. Saboda LED ya isa ya haskaka a cikin ƙaramin wutar lantarki, saboda haka, ya kamata a rage adadin goma ko ɗaruruwan sa'o'i na fitilun LED na yau da kullun a ainihin amfani, wataƙila 'yan awanni kafin haske ya isa ya haskaka dukkan sansanin, bayan sa'o'i da yawa tare da shi don ganin teburin yana da wahala, saboda haka, shigar da tsarin daidaita wutar lantarki na daidaita wutar lantarki shine daidaitaccen tsari na fitilun LED na waje masu ƙarfi. A halin yanzu, LED na yau da kullun har yanzu ya fi dacewa don amfani da shi azaman sansani ko tanti azaman tushen haske kusa, wanda kuma shine fa'idarsa.

3. Kwano na fitila

Muhimmin abu don tantance ingancin haske shine mai haskaka tushen haske - kwano na fitilar. An lulluɓe kwano na fitilar yau da kullun da azurfa a kan kwano na filastik ko ƙarfe. Ga tushen fitilun wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, kwano na fitilar ƙarfe ya fi dacewa da watsar da zafi, kuma diamita na kwano na fitilar yana ƙayyade kewayon ka'idar. A wata ma'ana, hasken kwano na fitilar ba shi da kyau, mafi kyawun tasirin kwano na fitilar shine da'irar wrinkles mai siffar fata mai launin ruwan lemu, wanda ke sarrafa bambancin haske da tabo masu duhu ke haifarwa, don haka wurin haske a yankin haske ya fi mai da hankali kuma ya zama iri ɗaya. Yawanci, samun kwano mai wrinkles yana nuna fifikon ƙwararru a cikin hasken.

4. Ruwan tabarau

Ruwan tabarau yana kare fitilar ko kuma yana haɗa hasken. Yawanci ana yin sa ne da gilashi ko resin. Gilashi yana da juriyar zafi mai kyau, ba shi da sauƙin karcewa, yana da ƙarfi, amma ƙarfin amfani da shi a waje yana da damuwa, kuma farashin sarrafawa zuwa saman mai lanƙwasa ya yi yawa, takardar resin tana da amfani ga sarrafawa, ƙarfi mai inganci, nauyi mai sauƙi, amma a kula da kariyar da za a hana niƙawa da yawa, gabaɗaya, ya kamata a sarrafa gilashin fitila mai kyau na waje zuwa takardar resin mai lanƙwasa, wanda zai iya zama ingantaccen iko na hasken da ke haɗuwa.

5. Batura

A lokuta da yawa za ku iya korafin dalilin da yasa fitilar ba da daɗewa ba za ta rasa wutar lantarki, kuma zargi kan fitilar kanta, a zahiri, zaɓin baturi ma yana da mahimmanci, gabaɗaya, ƙarfin da fitarwa na batirin alkaline na yau da kullun sun dace, ƙarancin farashi, sauƙin siye, ƙarfin iya aiki, amma babban tasirin fitarwa na yanzu ba shi da kyau, rabon kuzarin batirin nickel metal hydride mai caji ya fi girma, zagayowar ya fi tattalin arziki, Amma ƙimar fitarwa da kanta tana da yawa, kwararar fitarwa na batirin lithium ya fi kyau, ya dace sosai don amfani da fitilun wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi, amma tattalin arzikin amfani ba shi da kyau, farashin wutar lantarki ta lithium har yanzu yana da tsada a halin yanzu, fitilun da suka dace galibi fitilun dabara ne masu ƙarfi, saboda haka, yawancin fitilun kasuwa suna amfani da batirin alkaline mai suna cikakken aiki, daga ƙa'ida, aikin batirin Alkaline zai ragu sosai a ƙananan zafin jiki, saboda haka, ga fitilun da ake amfani da su a wurare masu sanyi, hanya mafi kyau ita ce haɗa akwatin baturi na waje, tare da zafin jiki don tabbatar da zafin aiki na baturin. Ya kamata a lura cewa ga wasu fitilun da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, kamar wasu samfuran PETZL da princeton, saboda an ɗaga wutar lantarki mai rauni na batirin busasshe na ƙasashen waje kaɗan, an tsara taɓawar wutar lantarki mai rauni don ta kasance lebur. Lokacin amfani da wasu batirin gida tare da electrode mai concave negative, akwai yiwuwar taɓawa mara kyau. Mafita abu ne mai sauƙi, kawai ƙara ƙaramin gasket.

6. Kayan Aiki

Fitilun ƙarfe, filastik, da na asali sun ƙunshi su, jikin fitilar ƙarfe yana da ƙarfi da ɗorewa, ana amfani da haske na yau da kullun da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi na aluminum, idan ya cancanta, ana amfani da fitilar ƙarfe sau da yawa azaman kayan aikin kariya, amma ƙarfe na gabaɗaya ba shi da juriya ga lalata, yana da nauyi sosai, don haka bai dace da fitilun nutsewa ba, kyakkyawan watsa wutar lantarki ta zafi, yana taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi a lokaci guda, amma kuma yana haifar da amfani da wurare masu sanyi, yana da wahalar amfani da fitilar kai, Babban farashin sarrafawa. Akwai nau'ikan filastik na injiniya da yawa, polycarbonate, ABS/ polyester, fiber ɗin gilashin polycarbonate da aka ƙarfafa, polyimide da sauransu, aikin kuma ya bambanta sosai, ɗauki fiber ɗin gilashin polycarbonate da aka ƙarfafa a matsayin misali, ƙarfinsa ya isa ya jure wa yanayi mai tsauri na waje, juriya ga lalata, rufi, nauyi mai sauƙi, zaɓi ne mai kyau na fitilar kai da fitilar nutsewa. Amma filastik na ABS da ake amfani da shi akan fitilu masu arha yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba mai ɗorewa ba. Tabbatar da kula da shi lokacin siye. Gabaɗaya, ana iya bambanta shi ta hanyar jin matsewa mai ƙarfi.

7. Canjawa

Saitin makullin fitilar yana ƙayyade sauƙin amfani da shi. Makullin maɓalli mai zamiya kamar makullin ramin ƙarfe yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa, amma asalinsa ba zai iya zama mai hana ruwa gaba ɗaya ba, wanda a bayyane yake bai dace ba. Makullin maɓalli na roba akan makullin magnesium D ya fi sauƙi a hana ruwa kuma ya dace, amma a bayyane yake bai dace da irin waɗannan lokutan kamar nutsewa ba, kuma matsin lamba mai yawa na ruwa na iya haifar da zubewar makullin. Makullin matse wutsiya yana da shahara musamman a cikin ƙananan fitilu, musamman dacewa don haske da dogon haske, amma tsarinsa mai rikitarwa don la'akari da matsewa da aminci matsala ce, rashin hulɗa mara kyau a wasu fitilolin masana'antu suma sun zama ruwan dare. Makullin makullin fitilar da ke juyawa shine mafi sauƙi kuma abin dogaro, amma yana iya yin aikin makulli ɗaya kawai, ba za a iya rarraba shi ba, yana da wuya a tsara aikin mai da hankali, hana ruwa mai ƙarfi ba shi da kyau (makullin aikin ruwa yana da sauƙin zubewa). Makullin makulli shine mafi kyawun amfani da ƙarin fitilun nutsewa, tsarin shine mafi kyawun hana ruwa, mai sauƙin aiki, mai sauƙin canzawa, babban aminci, mai iya kullewa, ba za a iya kunna shi ba.

8. Mai hana ruwa shiga

Yana da sauƙi a tantance ko fitilar ba ta da ruwa ko a'a. A hankali a duba ko akwai zoben roba masu laushi da na roba a kowane ɓangaren da za a iya juyawa na fitilar (murfin fitila, makulli, murfin baturi, da sauransu). Zoben roba masu kyau, tare da ƙira mai kyau da fasahar sarrafawa mai kyau, na iya tabbatar da zurfin hana ruwa shiga fiye da ƙafa 1000. A ƙarƙashin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ba zai iya tabbatar da cewa babu ɓuɓɓuga ba, dalilin shine cewa sassaucin roba bai isa ya tabbatar da dacewa da saman biyu ba. Daga mahangar ƙira, maɓallin juyawa na fitila da maɓallin maɓalli na ganga a ka'ida, maɓallin zamiya da maɓallin maɓalli na wutsiya suna da wahala. Ko da wane irin ƙirar maɓalli ne, ya fi kyau kada a canza akai-akai lokacin da ake amfani da su a ƙarƙashin ruwa, tsarin maɓalli shine mafi sauƙin shiga ruwa, a cikin nutsewa, hanyar da ta fi aminci ita ce sanya ɗan mai a kan zoben roba, ana iya rufe shi da kyau, a lokaci guda, mai kuma yana da amfani ga kula da zoben roba, a guji lalacewa da wuri sakamakon tsufa, bayan shekaru da yawa na amfani da shi a cikin fitilar, Zoben roba shine mafi rauni na fitilar ga tsufa. Ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da lokaci domin tabbatar da ingancin amfani da shi a waje.

9. Da'irar daidaitawar ƙarfin lantarki

Da'irar daidaitawar ƙarfin lantarki ya kamata ta zama mafi kyawun misali na fitilun zamani, amfani da da'irar daidaitawar ƙarfin lantarki yana da ayyuka biyu: Ƙarfin tuƙi na LED na yau da kullun shine 3-3.6V, wanda ke nufin cewa dole ne a haɗa aƙalla batura uku na yau da kullun a jere don cimma kyakkyawan tasirin. Babu shakka, sassaucin ƙira na fitilar yana da matuƙar ƙuntatawa. Na ƙarshen yana nuna mafi kyawun amfani da makamashin lantarki, don haka ƙarfin lantarki ba zai rage haske tare da rage ƙarfin baturi ba. Koyaushe kula da matakin haske mai dacewa, ba shakka, kuma yana sauƙaƙa hasken daidaitawar sauyawa. Fa'idodi suna da rashin amfani, da'irar daidaitawar ƙarfin lantarki yawanci zai ɓatar da aƙalla kashi 30% na makamashin lantarki, don haka, yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin ƙananan amfani da fitilun LED. Ana amfani da da'irar daidaitawar ƙarfin lantarki ta PETZL's MYO 5. Ana daidaita hasken LED a matakai uku don kiyaye haske mai santsi na LED matakai uku na awanni 10, awanni 30 da awanni 90 bi da bi.

10. Aiki

Domin yin fitilu ba wai kawai za su iya yin haske ba, har ma suna da ƙarin ayyuka da yawa ko kuma amfani mafi dacewa, an samar da nau'ikan ƙira iri-iri.

Madaurin kai mai kyau sosai, a mafi yawan lokuta na iya sa ƙaramin na'urar lantarki ta hannu ta taka rawarfitilar kai mai caji mai jagoranci, ana amfani da fitilun nutsewa da yawa ta wannan hanyar da aka gyara.

Za a iya saka faifan da ke kan ARC AAA a cikin aljihun riga kamar alkalami, kodayake mafi kyawun zaɓi shine a ɗaure shi a gefen hular ku a matsayin fitilar kai.

L Tsarintocila mai iya jurewa ta hanyar jagoranciyana da kyau sosai. Matatun guda huɗu da ke cikin ɗakin wutsiya sun dace sosai don amfani da sigina da daddare.

LED ɗin PETZL DUO yana da kwan fitila mai kariya a ciki, kamar yadda ya kamata a yi amfani da hasken waje mai inganci.

ARC LSHP na iya amfani da nau'ikan yanayin wutar lantarki iri-iri cikin sauƙi gwargwadon buƙata. Ƙarshen baya shine CR123A guda ɗaya, CR123A biyu da AA biyu.

Wutar lantarki ta madadin wuta. Idan kana da fitila kusa da kai kawai, canza baturi a cikin ƙaramin haske Baƙi sau da yawa yana iya zama haɗari. Black Diamond Supernova tana da wutar lantarki ta 6V don samar da awanni 10 na aikihasken LED na wajeyayin canjin baturi ko lokacin da batirin ya ƙare.

Ko da yake kimantawa ta ta sirri ba ta da yawa, amma maganadisu za a iya shawagi a kan saman ƙarfe na aikin har yanzu ana yaba shi.

Gun gyro-gun na Gannet II, mai sauƙin amfani da shi azaman tocila, fitilar kai ko wurare daban-daban