Kayan siliki shine mafi mahimmanci kuma ainihin abu a cikin masana'antar semiconductor. Matsakaicin tsarin samar da sarkar masana'antar semiconductor shima yakamata ya fara daga samar da kayan siliki na asali.
Monocrystalline silicon hasken lambun hasken rana
Silicon Monocrystalline wani nau'i ne na siliki na farko. Lokacin da narkakkar siliki ta ƙaƙƙarfa, ana shirya zarra na siliki a cikin lattice lu'u-lu'u zuwa cikin kristal da yawa. Idan waɗannan ƙwayoyin kristal suka girma zuwa hatsi tare da daidaitawar jirgin sama ɗaya, waɗannan hatsi za a haɗa su a layi daya don yin crystallize zuwa silicon monocrystalline.
Silicon monocrystalline yana da kaddarorin jiki na ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe kuma yana da raunin wutar lantarki, wanda ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki. A lokaci guda, siliki monocrystalline shima yana da mahimmancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Silicon monocrystalline mai tsafta mai tsafta shine siliki na zahiri. Za'a iya inganta halayen siliki monocrystal ultra-pure ta hanyar ƙara abubuwa ⅢA (kamar boron), kuma ana iya samar da semiconductor na nau'in nau'in silicon. Kamar ƙari na abubuwan ⅤA (kamar phosphorus ko arsenic) kuma na iya haɓaka matakin haɓakawa, samuwar siliki semiconductor N-type.
Polysilicon wani nau'i ne na siliki na asali. Lokacin da narkakkar siliki ta kafu a ƙarƙashin yanayin sanyi sosai, ana shirya zarra na siliki zuwa cikin ƙwararrun kristal da yawa a cikin sifar lu'u-lu'u. Idan waɗannan ƙwayoyin kristal sun girma zuwa hatsi tare da daidaitawar crystal daban-daban, waɗannan hatsi suna haɗuwa kuma suna yin crystallize zuwa polysilicon. Ya bambanta da silicon monocrystalline, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin kayan lantarki da na hasken rana, da kuma silicon amorphous, wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin fim na bakin ciki da kumahasken rana Kwayoyin lambu haske
Bambanci da alaka tsakanin su biyun
A cikin siliki na monocrystalline, tsarin firam ɗin kristal daidai ne kuma ana iya gano shi ta kamanni na waje. A cikin silicon monocrystalline, lattice crystal na duk samfurin yana ci gaba kuma ba shi da iyakokin hatsi. Manyan lu'ulu'u guda ɗaya ba su da yawa a yanayi kuma suna da wahalar yin su a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje (duba recrystallization). Sabanin haka, matsayi na atom a cikin sifofin amorphous an taƙaita su zuwa oda na ɗan gajeren zango.
Hanyoyin polycrystalline da subcrystalline sun ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na ƙananan lu'ulu'u ko microcrystals. Polysilicon wani abu ne da aka yi da ƙananan lu'ulu'u na silicon da yawa. Kwayoyin polycrystalline na iya gane rubutu ta hanyar tasirin ƙarfe na bayyane. Makin semiconductor ciki har da polysilicon na hasken rana ana canza su zuwa silicon monocrystalline, ma'ana cewa lu'ulu'u masu alaƙa da bazuwar da ke cikin polysilicon an canza su zuwa babban kristal guda ɗaya. Ana amfani da silicon monocrystalline don yin yawancin na'urorin microelectronic na tushen silicon. Polysilicon na iya samun 99.9999% tsarki. Hakanan ana amfani da polysilicon mai tsafta mai tsafta a masana'antar semiconductor, kamar sandunan polysilicon tsayin mita 2 - zuwa 3. A cikin masana'antar microelectronics, polysilicon yana da aikace-aikace a duka macro da ma'auni. Hanyoyin samarwa na silicon monocrystalline sun haɗa da tsarin Czeckarasky, narkewar yanki da tsarin Bridgman.
Bambanci tsakanin polysilicon da silicon monocrystalline an fi bayyana shi a cikin abubuwan jiki. Dangane da kayan aikin injiniya da lantarki, polysilicon ya yi ƙasa da silicon monocrystalline. Ana iya amfani da polysilicon azaman albarkatun ƙasa don zana silicon monocrystalline.
1. A cikin sharuddan anisotropy na inji Properties, Tantancewar Properties da thermal Properties, shi ne nisa kasa bayyananne fiye da monocrystalline silicon
2. Dangane da kaddarorin lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki na silicon polycrystalline ba shi da mahimmanci fiye da na silicon monocrystalline, ko ma kusan babu wutar lantarki.
3, dangane da ayyukan sinadarai, bambanci tsakanin su biyun kadan ne, gabaɗaya amfani da polysilicon
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 24-2023