Hasken walƙiya na hasken rana wani nau'in fitilar makamashin kore ne, wanda ke da halaye na aminci, ceton makamashi, kariyar muhalli da shigarwa mai dacewa.Fitilar lawn mai hana ruwa ruwaya ƙunshi tushen haske, mai sarrafawa, baturi, tsarin hasken rana da jikin fitila da sauran abubuwa.Karkashin iskar hasken wuta, wutar lantarkin tana ajiyewa a cikin baturin ta hanyar hasken rana, kuma ana aika wutar lantarkin batirin zuwa ma’aunin LED ta wurin mai sarrafa lokacin da babu haske.Ya dace da ƙawata ƙawata koren ciyawa a cikin al'ummomin zama da ƙawata lawn na wuraren shakatawa.
Cikakken saitinhasken rana lawn fitilatsarin ya haɗa da: tushen haske, mai sarrafawa, baturi, abubuwan da suka shafi hasken rana da jikin fitila.
Lokacin da hasken rana ya haskaka tantanin hasken rana a cikin rana, tantanin hasken rana yana canza makamashin hasken zuwa makamashin lantarki kuma yana adana makamashin lantarki a cikin baturi ta hanyar sarrafawa.Bayan duhu, ƙarfin lantarki a cikin baturi yana ba da wutar lantarki zuwa tushen hasken LED na fitilar lawn ta hanyar sarrafawa.Lokacin da gari ya waye, baturin ya daina ba da wuta ga tushen hasken, dahasken rana lawn fitiluya fita, kuma hasken rana ya ci gaba da cajin baturin.Mai sarrafawa ya ƙunshi microcomputer mai guntu guda ɗaya da firikwensin, kuma yana sarrafa buɗewa da rufe ɓangaren tushen haske ta hanyar tattarawa da yanke hukunci na siginar gani.Jikin fitilun yana taka rawa na kariyar tsarin da kayan ado yayin rana don tabbatar da aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin.Daga cikin su, tushen haske, mai sarrafawa da baturi sune mabuɗin don ƙayyade aikin tsarin fitilar lawn.Ana nuna zanen tsarin pivot akan dama.
Batirin hasken rana
1. Nau'a
Kwayoyin hasken rana suna canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki.Akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin hasken rana guda uku waɗanda suka fi aiki: silicon monocrystalline, silicon polycrystalline, da silicon amorphous.
(1) Ma'auni na aiki na ƙwayoyin hasken rana na monocrystalline silicon suna da ingantacciyar kwanciyar hankali, kuma sun dace da amfani a yankunan kudancin inda akwai damina da yawa da kuma rashin isasshen hasken rana.
(2) Tsarin samar da ƙwayoyin polycrystalline silicon hasken rana yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, kuma farashin ya fi ƙasa da na silicon monocrystalline.Ya dace don amfani a yankunan gabas da yamma tare da isasshen hasken rana da hasken rana mai kyau.
(3) Kwayoyin hasken rana na silicon amorphous suna da ƙananan buƙatu akan yanayin hasken rana, kuma sun dace da amfani a wuraren da hasken rana na waje bai isa ba.
2. Wutar lantarki mai aiki
Wutar lantarki mai aiki na tantanin rana shine sau 1.5 na ƙarfin baturin da ya dace don tabbatar da cajin baturi na yau da kullun.Misali, ana buƙatar 4.0 ~ 5.4V ƙwayoyin hasken rana don cajin batura 3.6V;Ana buƙatar 8 ~ 9V ƙwayoyin hasken rana don cajin batura 6V;15 ~ 18V na hasken rana ana buƙatar cajin baturi 12V.
3. Ƙarfin fitarwa
Ƙarfin fitarwa a kowane yanki na tantanin rana yana kusan 127 Wp/m2.Tantanin halitta gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi sel na raƙuman hasken rana da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa a jeri, kuma ƙarfinsa ya dogara da jimillar ƙarfin da tushen hasken ke cinyewa, sassan watsa layin, da makamashin hasken rana na gida.Ƙarfin fitarwa na fakitin batirin hasken rana ya kamata ya wuce sau 3 ~ 5 na ƙarfin hasken wutar lantarki, kuma ya kamata ya kasance fiye da (3 ~ 4) sau a yankunan da ke da haske mai yawa da gajeren lokaci;in ba haka ba, ya kamata ya zama fiye da (4 ~ 5) sau.
baturin ajiya
Batirin yana adana makamashin lantarki daga hasken rana a lokacin da akwai haske, kuma yana fitar da shi lokacin da ake buƙatar haske da dare.
1. Nau'a
(1) Baturin gubar-acid (CS): Ana amfani da shi don ƙarancin zafi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin ƙarfi, kuma yawancin fitilun titin rana suna amfani dashi.Hatimin ba shi da kulawa kuma farashin yayi ƙasa.Duk da haka, ya kamata a mai da hankali don hana gurbatar gubar-acid kuma a kawar da shi.
(2) Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) baturi na ajiya: yawan fitarwa mai yawa, kyakkyawan yanayin zafi mai kyau, tsawon rayuwa mai tsawo, ƙananan amfani da tsarin, amma ya kamata a kula don hana gurɓataccen cadmium.
(3) Batir nickel-metal hydride (Ni-H): fitarwa mai girma, aiki mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, farashi mai arha, babu gurɓatacce, kuma baturi ne mai kore.Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin ƙananan tsarin, wannan samfurin ya kamata a ba da shawarar sosai.Akwai nau'ikan batura marasa kiyaye gubar-acid iri uku, batirin gubar-acid na yau da kullun da batir nickel-cadmium alkaline waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai.
2. Haɗin baturi
Lokacin haɗawa a cikin layi daya, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da tasirin da ba daidai ba tsakanin batura guda ɗaya, kuma adadin ƙungiyoyin layi daya bazai wuce ƙungiyoyi hudu ba.Kula da matsalar hana sata na baturi yayin shigarwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-04-2023